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CSA Z245.1 is the Canadian standard for steel pipes used for transporting fluids in oil and gas pipeline systems, and it serves as the Canadian equivalent to API 5L. While both standards outline pipe production requirements for pipeline fabrication, CSA Z245.1 is focused on meeting the needs of colder climates and provides less political and regulatory complexity compared to API 5L.
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Key Differences Between CSA Z245.1 and API 5L:
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Cold-Temperature Considerations:
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CSA Z245.1 addresses cold-temperature concerns, which API 5L does not explicitly cover. For example, CSA allows for specific impact testing at various temperatures based on the project or application needs, such as -5°C for buried piping or -45°C for low-temperature applications.
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While API 5L allows for impact testing at 0°C (32°F) for PSL2, CSA Z245.1 provides more flexibility in terms of test temperatures, which are specified in the purchase order.
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Certification and Manufacturer Requirements:
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Unlike API 5L, CSA Z245.1 does not require a monogram license for manufacturers or maintain a composite index of approved manufacturers. This makes the process simpler for manufacturers but also means that there are fewer regulatory controls and certifications associated with the standard.
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Dimensional Requirements:​
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Both CSA Z245.1 and API 5L refer to ASME B36.10 for nominal pipe dimensions.
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Pressure Vessel and Piping Use:
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CSA Z245.1 is not listed for use in ASME BPVC or ASME B31.X piping systems. This means that pipes made to this standard must be multi-certified or approved by local pressure vessel authorities before being used in those applications. API 5L is more widely accepted in such systems, especially for pressure piping.
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Impact Testing and Categories:
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CSA Z245.1 has three categories for impact testing, whereas API 5L divides pipes into PSL1 and PSL2 based on impact requirements. The categories in CSA Z245.1 are:
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Category I: No impact testing.
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Category II: Impact testing required, with energy values (27J for pipes ≤ 457mm OD (NPS 18) and 40J for pipes > 457mm OD) and shear requirements (minimum average 60% shear and minimum specimen 50% shear).
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Category III: Impact tested with a minimum of 18J (13 ft-lb), but no shear requirements.
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Drop Weight Tear Testing (DWTT):
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For Category II impact testing on pipes with diameters ≥ NPS 18, CSA Z245.1 requires Drop Weight Tear Testing (DWTT) to assess the material’s shear properties, though CVN (Charpy V-Notch) impact tests can be substituted if the shear requirements are met.
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Basic Product Properties:
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The CSA Z245.1 standard lists various grades, with corresponding yield strengths (YS) and ultimate tensile strengths (UTS), as follows:
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Grade 241:
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YS: 241 - 495 MPa (35.0 - 71.8 ksi)
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UTS: 414 - 760 MPa (60.0 - 110 ksi)
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Grade 290 (similar to API X42):
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YS: 290 - 495 MPa (42.1 - 71.8 ksi)
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UTS: 414 - 760 MPa (60.0 - 110 ksi)
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Grade 359 (similar to API X52):
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YS: 359 - 530 MPa (52.1 - 76.9 ksi)
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UTS: 455 - 760 MPa (66.0 - 110 ksi)
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Grade 386:
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YS: 386 - 540 MPa (56.0 - 78.3 ksi)
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UTS: 490 - 760 MPa (71.1 - 110 ksi)
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Grade 414:
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YS: 414 - 565 MPa (60.0 - 81.9 ksi)
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UTS: 517 - 760 MPa (75.0 - 110 ksi)
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Grade 448:
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YS: 448 - 600 MPa (65.0 - 87.0 ksi)
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UTS: 531 - 760 MPa (77.0 - 110 ksi)
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Grade 483:
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YS: 483 - 620 MPa (70.0 - 89.9 ksi)
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UTS: 565 - 760 MPa (81.9 - 110 ksi)
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Grade 550:
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YS: 550 - 690 MPa (79.8 - 100 ksi)
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UTS: 620 - 830 MPa (89.9 - 120 ksi)
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Grade 620:
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YS: 620 - 760 MPa (89.9 - 110 ksi)
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UTS: 690 - 900 MPa (100 - 131 ksi)
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Grade 690:
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YS: 690 - 825 MPa (100 - 120 ksi)
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UTS: 760 - 970 MPa (110 - 141 ksi)
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Grade 825:
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YS: 825 - 1050 MPa (119 - 152 ksi)
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UTS: 915 - 1145 MPa (133 - 166 ksi)
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Categories of Impact Testing in CSA Z245.1:
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Category I:
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No impact testing required.
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Category II:
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Impact tested with energy values and shear requirements:
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27J (20 ft-lb) for pipes < 457mm OD (NPS 18)
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40J (29.5 ft-lb) for pipes ≥ 457mm OD (NPS 18)
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Minimum 60% average shear
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Minimum 50% specimen shear
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End user specifies the test temperature.
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Category III:
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Impact tested with no shear requirements:
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Minimum 18J (13 ft-lb)
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End user specifies the test temperature.
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