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ASTM A333 specifies seamless carbon and alloy steel pipes designed for low-temperature service and other applications requiring notch toughness. The pipe is available in various grades of ferritic steel, with different steelmaking approaches aimed at enhancing impact properties at low temperatures. While some grades are capable of withstanding cryogenic temperatures as low as -320°F (-195°C), A333 Grade 6 is the most commonly used and widely available grade. It is particularly effective at temperatures as low as -50°F (-45°C) and is frequently used in industries such as pressure piping for compressed gases, where pipe failure could lead to catastrophic consequences.

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This specification ensures a clear understanding between manufacturers and end users about the pipe's properties and capabilities. While ASTM A333 is not usually mandated by national or state codes, ASME has adopted the standard for use in pressure vessel (BPVC) and pressure piping (B31.X) applications under the designation SA333.

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ASTM A333 Grade 6 is commonly used for pipes exposed to extremely cold environments or in applications where notch toughness is crucial, such as cyclic loading, fatigue cracking, and corrosion-resistant environments. The grade’s high manganese content (typically 0.90% Mn or higher) and additional alloying elements improve its impact toughness. As a result, it is capable of maintaining performance at low temperatures down to -50°F (-45°C).

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For welding, SA333 Grade 6 is categorized in the P1G1 alloy grouping per ASME BPVC Section IX. This product is sometimes multi-certified alongside other standards such as A53, A106, and API 5L. For non-destructive testing (NDT), ultrasonics or eddy current inspection can replace hydrotesting, provided full-thickness inspection is achieved.

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Basic Properties of A333 Grade 6:

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  • Min. Yield Strength (YS): 35 ksi (240 MPa)

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  • Min. Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS): 60 ksi (415 MPa)

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  • Impact Tested: Minimum 18J (13 ft-lb) at -45°C (-50°F)

This specification is ideal for applications requiring toughness and reliability at extremely low temperatures, ensuring the safety and performance of critical piping systems.

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